![]() ![]() Forming “platoons” of vehicles is a popular system-level approach that gained momentum in the 1990s (Rajamani et al., 2000, Shladover et al., 1991). ![]() This is typically accomplished through tighter spacing of vehicles (Malikopoulos and Aguilar, 2013, Margiotta and Snyder, 2011) which can alleviate congestion, reduce energy use and emissions, and improve safety under proper control. From a control and optimization standpoint, the goal is to develop efficient traffic management methods so as to reduce congestion and increase safety with minimal impact on the existing infrastructure. As documented in Schrank, Eisele, Lomax, and Bak (2015), in 2014, traffic congestion caused vehicles in urban areas to spend 6.9 billion extra hours on the road at a cost of an extra 3.1 billion gallons of fuel, resulting in a total cost estimated at $160 billion. Intersections in transportation systems are one of the major traffic control challenges as they account for a large part of accidents and of overall road congestion. ![]()
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